Latest Articles
Research Article | Host-Microbe BiologyMolecular and Microbial Microenvironments in Chronically Diseased Lungs Associated with Cystic FibrosisMicrobial infections are now recognized to be polymicrobial and personalized in nature. Comprehensive analysis and understanding of the factors underlying the polymicrobial and personalized nature of infections remain limited, especially in the context of the host. By visualizing microbiomes and metabolomes of diseased human lungs, we reveal how different the chemical environments are between hosts that are dominated by the same...
Research Article | Host-Microbe BiologyNipah Virus-Like Particle Egress Is Modulated by Cytoskeletal and Vesicular Trafficking Pathways: a Validated Particle Proteomics AnalysisNipah virus is a zoonotic biosafety level 4 agent with high mortality rates in humans. The genus to which Nipah virus belongs, Henipavirus, includes five officially recognized pathogens; however, over 20 species have been identified in multiple continents within the last several years. As there are still no vaccines or treatments for NiV infection, elucidating its...
Research Article | Novel Systems Biology TechniquesTheoretical and Simulation-Based Investigation of the Relationship between Sequencing Effort, Microbial Community Richness, and Diversity in Binning Metagenome-Assembled GenomesShort-read sequencing with Illumina sequencing technology provides an accurate, high-throughput method for characterizing the metabolic potential of microbial communities. Short-read sequences can be assembled and binned into metagenome-assembled genomes, thus shedding light on the function of microbial ecosystems that are important for health, agriculture, and Earth system processes. The work presented here provides an analytical...
Research Article | Host-Microbe BiologyAltered Fecal Small RNA Profiles in Colorectal Cancer Reflect Gut Microbiome Composition in Stool SamplesThe characteristics of microbial small RNA transcription are largely unknown, while it is of primary importance for a better identification of molecules with functional activities in the gut niche under both healthy and disease conditions. By performing combined analyses of metagenomic and small RNA sequencing (sRNA-Seq) data, we characterized both the human and microbial small RNA contents of stool samples from healthy individuals and...
Research Article | Ecological and Evolutionary ScienceBioinformatics Identification of Anti-CRISPR Loci by Using Homology, Guilt-by-Association, and CRISPR Self-Targeting Spacer ApproachesAs a naturally occurring adaptive immune system, CRISPR-Cas (clustered regularly interspersed short palindromic repeats–CRISPR-associated genes) systems are widely found in bacteria and archaea to defend against viruses. Since 2013, the application of various bacterial CRISPR-Cas systems has become very popular due to their development into targeted and programmable genome engineering tools with the ability to edit almost any genome. As...
Research Article | Applied and Environmental ScienceProkaryotic Diversity in Mangrove Sediments across Southeastern China Fundamentally Differs from That in Other BiomesUnderstanding the underlying mechanisms of microbial community assembly patterns is a vital issue in microbial ecology. Mangroves, as an important and special ecosystem, provide a unique environment for examining the relative importance of stochastic and deterministic processes. We made the first global-scale comparison and found that microbial diversity was significantly different in mangrove sediments compared to that of other biomes...
Editor's Pick Methods and Protocols | Applied and Environmental ScienceIntroducing SPeDE: High-Throughput Dereplication and Accurate Determination of Microbial Diversity from Matrix-Assisted Laser Desorption–Ionization Time of Flight Mass Spectrometry DataEstimation of the operational isolation units present in a MALDI-TOF mass spectral data set involves an essential dereplication step to identify redundant spectra in a rapid manner and without sacrificing biological resolution. We describe SPeDE, a new algorithm which facilitates culture-dependent clinical or environmental studies. SPeDE enables the rapid analysis and dereplication of isolates, a critical feature when long-term storage...
Research Article | Host-Microbe BiologyThe Formaldehyde Dehydrogenase SsFdh1 Is Regulated by and Functionally Cooperates with the GATA Transcription Factor SsNsd1 in Sclerotinia sclerotiorumS. sclerotiorum is a pathogenic fungus with sclerotium and infection cushion development, making S. sclerotiorum one of the most challenging agricultural pathogens with no effective control method. We identified important sclerotium and compound appressorium formation determinants, SsNsd1 and SsFdh1...
Research Article | Ecological and Evolutionary ScienceCharacteristics and Evolutionary Analysis of Photosynthetic Gene Clusters on Extrachromosomal Replicons: from Streamlined Plasmids to ChromidsThe evolution of photosynthesis was a significant event during the diversification of biological life. Aerobic anoxygenic photoheterotrophic bacteria (AAPB) share physiological characteristics with chemoheterotrophs and represent an important group associated with bacteriochlorophyll-dependent phototrophy in the environment. Here, characterization and evolutionary analyses were conducted for 13 bacterial strains that contained...
Research Article | Host-Microbe BiologyTranscriptome Profiling Analysis of Bovine Vaginal Epithelial Cell Response to an Isolated Lactobacillus StrainBovine bacterial vaginitis causes infertility, abortion, and postpartum uterine diseases, causing serious economic loss to the dairy industry. The large-scale use of antibiotics destroys normal genital tract flora and hinders the defense mechanisms of the host. Recent research suggests that lactobacilli present in the vaginal microflora of healthy cows constitute the primary microbiological barrier to infection by genital pathogens,...