inflammation
Research Article | Host-Microbe BiologyFormula Diet Alters the Ileal Metagenome and Transcriptome at Weaning and during the Postweaning Period in a Porcine ModelExclusive human milk (HM) breastfeeding for the first 6 months of age in infants is recommended to improve health outcomes during early life and beyond. When women are unable to provide sufficient HM, milk formula (MF) is often recommended as a complementary or alternative source of nutrition. Previous studies in piglets demonstrated that MF alters the gut microbiome and induces inflammatory cytokine production. The links between MF...
Research Article | Host-Microbe BiologyHuman Milk Oligosaccharides Modulate the Risk for Preterm Birth in a Microbiome-Dependent and -Independent MannerThe causes for preterm birth (PTB) often remain elusive. We investigated whether circulating human milk oligosaccharides (HMOs) might be involved in modulating urinary and vaginal microbiome promoting or preventing PTB. We identified here HMOs and key microbial taxa associated with indicators of PTB. Based on our results, we propose two models for how HMOs might modulate risk for PTB: (i) by changes in HMOs associated with sterile...
Research Article | Host-Microbe BiologyDepletion of Blautia Species in the Microbiota of Obese Children Relates to Intestinal Inflammation and Metabolic Phenotype WorseningChild obesity constitutes a risk factor for developing insulin resistance which, if sustained, could lead to more severe conditions like type 2 diabetes (T2D) in adulthood. Our study identified previously unknown species whose depletion (Blautia luti and Blautia wexlerae) is associated with insulin...
Research Article | Host-Microbe BiologyQuantitative Proteome Analysis of Atg5-Deficient Mouse Embryonic Fibroblasts Reveals the Range of the Autophagy-Modulated Basal Cellular ProteomeAutophagy performs housekeeping functions for cells and maintains a functional mode by degrading damaged proteins and organelles and providing energy under starvation conditions. The process is tightly regulated by the evolutionarily conserved Atg genes, of which Atg5 is one such crucial mediator. Here, we have done a comprehensive quantitative proteome analysis of mouse embryonic fibroblasts that lack a functional...
Editor's Pick Research Article | Host-Microbe BiologyPerinatal Bisphenol A Exposure Induces Chronic Inflammation in Rabbit Offspring via Modulation of Gut Bacteria and Their MetabolitesEmerging evidence suggests that environmental toxicants may influence inflammation-promoted chronic disease susceptibility during early life. BPA, an environmental endocrine disruptor, can transfer across the placenta and accumulate in fetal gut and liver. However, underlying mechanisms for BPA-induced colonic and liver inflammation are not fully elucidated. In this report, we show how perinatal BPA exposure in rabbits alters gut...
Editor's Pick Research Article | Host-Microbe BiologyModerate Exercise Has Limited but Distinguishable Effects on the Mouse MicrobiomeThe bacteria that live in our gut have a complex yet vital relationship with our health. Environmental factors that influence the gut microbiome are of great interest, as recent research demonstrates that these microbes, mostly bacteria, are important for normal host physiology. Diseases such as obesity, diabetes, inflammatory bowel disease, and colon cancer have also been linked to shifts in the microbiome. Exercise is known to have...