gut microbiota
Research Article | Host-Microbe BiologyConsumption of Dietary Fiber from Different Sources during Pregnancy Alters Sow Gut Microbiota and Improves Performance and Reduces Inflammation in Sows and PigletsAlthough the direct effects of dietary fiber on gut microbiota composition have been studied extensively, systematic evaluation of different fiber sources on gut health and inflammatory responses of sows and their offspring has rarely been conducted. Excessive reactive oxygen species produced by overactive metabolic processes during late pregnancy and lactation of sows leads to increased endotoxin levels, disordered gut microbiota,...
Research Article | Host-Microbe BiologyCandida Administration Worsens Uremia-Induced Gut Leakage in Bilateral Nephrectomy Mice, an Impact of Gut Fungi and Organismal Molecules in UremiaThe impact of fungi in the intestine on acute uremia was demonstrated by the oral administration of Candida albicans in mice with the removal of both kidneys. Because fungi in the mouse intestine are less abundant than in humans, a Candida-administered mouse model has more resemblance to patient conditions.
Research Article | Host-Microbe BiologyAssociations of Genetic Variants Contributing to Gut Microbiota Composition in Immunoglobin A NephropathyThe gut microbiota and host genetics are implicated in the pathogenesis of IgAN. Recent studies have confirmed that microbial compositions are heritable (microbiome quantitative trait loci [QTL]).
Research Article | Host-Microbe BiologyHeritable Gut Microbiome Associated with Salmonella enterica Serovar Pullorum Infection in ChickensThe present study investigated the association among the host genome, the gut microbiome, and S. Pullorum infection in chickens. The results suggested that the gut microbial structure is altered in S. Pullorum-infected chickens.
Research Article | Clinical Science and EpidemiologyShort-Chain Fatty Acid-Producing Gut Microbiota Is Decreased in Parkinson’s Disease but Not in Rapid-Eye-Movement Sleep Behavior DisorderTwenty studies on gut microbiota in PD have been reported, whereas only one study has been reported on iRBD from Germany. iRBD has the highest likelihood ratio to develop PD. Our meta-analysis of iRBD in Japan and Germany revealed increased mucin-layer-degrading genus Akkermansia in iRBD.
Research Article | Host-Microbe BiologyA Subset of Roux-en-Y Gastric Bypass Bacterial Consortium Colonizes the Gut of Nonsurgical Rats without Inducing Host-Microbe Metabolic ChangesRoux-en-Y gastric bypass (RYGB) surgery results in a long-term gut bacterial shift toward Gammaproteobacteria in both patients and rodents. The contribution of this compositional shift, or the RYGB bacterial consortium, to the metabolic benefit of the surgery remains debatable.
Research Article | Host-Microbe BiologyMicrobiota-Derived Short-Chain Fatty Acids Promote LAMTOR2-Mediated Immune Responses in MacrophagesThese observations highlight that SCFAs promote macrophage elimination of K. pneumoniae via a LAMTOR2-dependent signal pathway and suggest that it is possible to intervene in K. pneumoniae pneumonia by targeting the gut microbiota.
Research Article | Therapeutics and PreventionThe Gut Microbiota-Produced Indole-3-Propionic Acid Confers the Antihyperlipidemic Effect of Mulberry-Derived 1-DeoxynojirimycinHyperlipidemia has been intensively focused on by researchers around the world owing to its major contribution to cardiovascular diseases. Various evidence reveals that women are more susceptible than male counterparts to dyslipidemia, making sex-dependent therapeutic strategies and drugs urgently needed. In the present work, we demonstrate that DNJ, the main active component of mulberry leaves, exerts an obvious female-preferential...
Research Article | Host-Microbe BiologyGut Microbiota and Metabolome Alterations Associated with Parkinson’s DiseaseTo our knowledge, this is one of the few studies thus far that correlates the composition of the gut microbiota with the direct analysis of fecal metabolites in patients with Parkinson’s disease. Overall, our data highlight microbiota modifications correlated with numerous fecal metabolites. This suggests that Parkinson’s disease is associated with gut dysregulation that involves a synergistic relationship between gut microbes and...
Research Article | Host-Microbe BiologyCitrobacter Species Increase Energy Harvest by Modulating Intestinal Microbiota in Fish: Nondominant Species Play Important FunctionsThis study shows that the ability of gut microbiota members to enhance host energy harvest from a high-fat diet is a conserved feature of host-microbe interactions in fish, as in mammals. It also underscores that gut microbiota members are able to significantly impact host biology even when at low abundance.