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gut microbiota

  • Open Access
    Consumption of Dietary Fiber from Different Sources during Pregnancy Alters Sow Gut Microbiota and Improves Performance and Reduces Inflammation in Sows and Piglets
    Research Article | Host-Microbe Biology
    Consumption of Dietary Fiber from Different Sources during Pregnancy Alters Sow Gut Microbiota and Improves Performance and Reduces Inflammation in Sows and Piglets

    Although the direct effects of dietary fiber on gut microbiota composition have been studied extensively, systematic evaluation of different fiber sources on gut health and inflammatory responses of sows and their offspring has rarely been conducted. Excessive reactive oxygen species produced by overactive metabolic processes during late pregnancy and lactation of sows leads to increased endotoxin levels, disordered gut microbiota,...

    Boshuai Liu, Xiaoyan Zhu, Yalei Cui, Wenjing Wang, Hua Liu, Zidan Li, Zhiguo Guo, Sen Ma, Defeng Li, Chengzhang Wang, Yinghua Shi
  • Open Access
    <em>Candida</em> Administration Worsens Uremia-Induced Gut Leakage in Bilateral Nephrectomy Mice, an Impact of Gut Fungi and Organismal Molecules in Uremia
    Research Article | Host-Microbe Biology
    Candida Administration Worsens Uremia-Induced Gut Leakage in Bilateral Nephrectomy Mice, an Impact of Gut Fungi and Organismal Molecules in Uremia

    The impact of fungi in the intestine on acute uremia was demonstrated by the oral administration of Candida albicans in mice with the removal of both kidneys. Because fungi in the mouse intestine are less abundant than in humans, a Candida-administered mouse model has more resemblance to patient conditions.

    Wimonrat Panpetch, Chitrasak Kullapanich, Cong Phi Dang, Peerapat Visitchanakun, Wilasinee Saisorn, Jutamas Wongphoom, Dhammika Leshan Wannigama, Arthid Thim-uam, Kanitha Patarakul, Naraporn Somboonna, Somying Tumwasorn, Asada Leelahavanichkul
  • Open Access
    Associations of Genetic Variants Contributing to Gut Microbiota Composition in Immunoglobin A Nephropathy
    Research Article | Host-Microbe Biology
    Associations of Genetic Variants Contributing to Gut Microbiota Composition in Immunoglobin A Nephropathy

    The gut microbiota and host genetics are implicated in the pathogenesis of IgAN. Recent studies have confirmed that microbial compositions are heritable (microbiome quantitative trait loci [QTL]).

    Jia-Wei He, Xu-Jie Zhou, Ya-Feng Li, Yan-Na Wang, Li-Jun Liu, Su-Fang Shi, Xiao-Hong Xin, Rong-Shan Li, Mario Falchi, Ji-Cheng Lv, Hong Zhang
  • Open Access
    Heritable Gut Microbiome Associated with <em>Salmonella enterica</em> Serovar Pullorum Infection in Chickens
    Research Article | Host-Microbe Biology
    Heritable Gut Microbiome Associated with Salmonella enterica Serovar Pullorum Infection in Chickens

    The present study investigated the association among the host genome, the gut microbiome, and S. Pullorum infection in chickens. The results suggested that the gut microbial structure is altered in S. Pullorum-infected chickens.

    Jinmei Ding, Hao Zhou, Lingxiao Luo, Lu Xiao, Kaixuan Yang, Lingyu Yang, Yuming Zheng, Ke Xu, Chuan He, Chengxiao Han, Huaixi Luo, Chao Qin, Fisayo T. Akinyemi, Caiju Gu, Zhenxiang Zhou, Qizhong Huang, He Meng
  • Open Access
    Short-Chain Fatty Acid-Producing Gut Microbiota Is Decreased in Parkinson’s Disease but Not in Rapid-Eye-Movement Sleep Behavior Disorder
    Research Article | Clinical Science and Epidemiology
    Short-Chain Fatty Acid-Producing Gut Microbiota Is Decreased in Parkinson’s Disease but Not in Rapid-Eye-Movement Sleep Behavior Disorder

    Twenty studies on gut microbiota in PD have been reported, whereas only one study has been reported on iRBD from Germany. iRBD has the highest likelihood ratio to develop PD. Our meta-analysis of iRBD in Japan and Germany revealed increased mucin-layer-degrading genus Akkermansia in iRBD.

    Hiroshi Nishiwaki, Tomonari Hamaguchi, Mikako Ito, Tomohiro Ishida, Tetsuya Maeda, Kenichi Kashihara, Yoshio Tsuboi, Jun Ueyama, Teppei Shimamura, Hiroshi Mori, Ken Kurokawa, Masahisa Katsuno, Masaaki Hirayama, Kinji Ohno
  • Open Access
    A Subset of Roux-en-Y Gastric Bypass Bacterial Consortium Colonizes the Gut of Nonsurgical Rats without Inducing Host-Microbe Metabolic Changes
    Research Article | Host-Microbe Biology
    A Subset of Roux-en-Y Gastric Bypass Bacterial Consortium Colonizes the Gut of Nonsurgical Rats without Inducing Host-Microbe Metabolic Changes

    Roux-en-Y gastric bypass (RYGB) surgery results in a long-term gut bacterial shift toward Gammaproteobacteria in both patients and rodents. The contribution of this compositional shift, or the RYGB bacterial consortium, to the metabolic benefit of the surgery remains debatable.

    Zhigang Liu, Isabelle Coales, Nicholas Penney, Julie A. K. McDonald, Jutarop Phetcharaburanin, Florian Seyfried, Jia V. Li
  • Open Access
    Microbiota-Derived Short-Chain Fatty Acids Promote LAMTOR2-Mediated Immune Responses in Macrophages
    Research Article | Host-Microbe Biology
    Microbiota-Derived Short-Chain Fatty Acids Promote LAMTOR2-Mediated Immune Responses in Macrophages

    These observations highlight that SCFAs promote macrophage elimination of K. pneumoniae via a LAMTOR2-dependent signal pathway and suggest that it is possible to intervene in K. pneumoniae pneumonia by targeting the gut microbiota.

    Ting Wu, Hongru Li, Cong Su, Fangming Xu, Guangwei Yang, Kaili Sun, Mengran Xu, Na Lv, Bao Meng, Yanyan Liu, Lifen Hu, Yan Liu, Yufeng Gao, Heng Wang, Yanhu Lan, Dexiang Xu, Jiabin Li
  • Open Access
    The Gut Microbiota-Produced Indole-3-Propionic Acid Confers the Antihyperlipidemic Effect of Mulberry-Derived 1-Deoxynojirimycin
    Research Article | Therapeutics and Prevention
    The Gut Microbiota-Produced Indole-3-Propionic Acid Confers the Antihyperlipidemic Effect of Mulberry-Derived 1-Deoxynojirimycin

    Hyperlipidemia has been intensively focused on by researchers around the world owing to its major contribution to cardiovascular diseases. Various evidence reveals that women are more susceptible than male counterparts to dyslipidemia, making sex-dependent therapeutic strategies and drugs urgently needed. In the present work, we demonstrate that DNJ, the main active component of mulberry leaves, exerts an obvious female-preferential...

    Yougui Li, Wenyi Xu, Fang Zhang, Shi Zhong, Yuqing Sun, Jinxi Huo, Jianxun Zhu, Chongming Wu
  • Open Access
    Gut Microbiota and Metabolome Alterations Associated with Parkinson’s Disease
    Research Article | Host-Microbe Biology
    Gut Microbiota and Metabolome Alterations Associated with Parkinson’s Disease

    To our knowledge, this is one of the few studies thus far that correlates the composition of the gut microbiota with the direct analysis of fecal metabolites in patients with Parkinson’s disease. Overall, our data highlight microbiota modifications correlated with numerous fecal metabolites. This suggests that Parkinson’s disease is associated with gut dysregulation that involves a synergistic relationship between gut microbes and...

    Sarah Vascellari, Vanessa Palmas, Marta Melis, Silvia Pisanu, Roberto Cusano, Paolo Uva, Daniela Perra, Veronica Madau, Marianna Sarchioto, Valentina Oppo, Nicola Simola, Micaela Morelli, Maria Laura Santoru, Luigi Atzori, Maurizio Melis, Giovanni Cossu, Aldo Manzin
  • Open Access
    <em>Citrobacter</em> Species Increase Energy Harvest by Modulating Intestinal Microbiota in Fish: Nondominant Species Play Important Functions
    Research Article | Host-Microbe Biology
    Citrobacter Species Increase Energy Harvest by Modulating Intestinal Microbiota in Fish: Nondominant Species Play Important Functions

    This study shows that the ability of gut microbiota members to enhance host energy harvest from a high-fat diet is a conserved feature of host-microbe interactions in fish, as in mammals. It also underscores that gut microbiota members are able to significantly impact host biology even when at low abundance.

    Mei-Ling Zhang, Miao Li, Yi Sheng, Fang Tan, Liqiao Chen, Isaac Cann, Zhen-Yu Du

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