gut microbiota
Research Article | Ecological and Evolutionary ScienceThe Gut Microbiota Communities of Wild Arboreal and Ground-Feeding Tropical Primates Are Affected Differently by Habitat DisturbanceGut microbiota diversity has become the subject of extensive research in human and nonhuman animals, linking diversity and composition to gut function and host health. Because wild primates are good indicators of tropical ecosystem health, we developed the idea that they are a suitable model to observe the consequences of advancing global change (e.g., habitat degradation) on gut microbiota. So far, most of the studies focus mainly on...
Research Article | Therapeutics and PreventionAdministration of Exogenous Melatonin Improves the Diurnal Rhythms of the Gut Microbiota in Mice Fed a High-Fat DietThe gut microbiota is strongly shaped by a high-fat diet, and obese humans and animals are characterized by low gut microbial diversity and impaired gut microbiota compositions. Comprehensive data on mammalian gut metagenomes shows gut microbiota exhibit circadian rhythms, which is disturbed by a high-fat diet. On the other hand, melatonin is a natural and ubiquitous molecule showing multiple mechanisms of regulating the circadian clock...
Research Article | Host-Microbe BiologyDepletion of Blautia Species in the Microbiota of Obese Children Relates to Intestinal Inflammation and Metabolic Phenotype WorseningChild obesity constitutes a risk factor for developing insulin resistance which, if sustained, could lead to more severe conditions like type 2 diabetes (T2D) in adulthood. Our study identified previously unknown species whose depletion (Blautia luti and Blautia wexlerae) is associated with insulin...
Research Article | Clinical Science and EpidemiologyGestational Diabetes Mellitus Is Associated with Reduced Dynamics of Gut Microbiota during the First Half of PregnancyGDM is one of the most common metabolic disorders during pregnancy and is associated with adverse short-term and long-term maternal and fetal outcomes. The aim of this study was to examine the connection between dynamic variations in gut microbiota and development of GDM. Whereas shifts in gut microbiota composition and function have been previously reported to be associated with GDM, very little is known regarding the early microbial...
Observation | Host-Microbe BiologyHuman Skin, Oral, and Gut Microbiomes Predict Chronological AgeConsiderable evidence suggests that the gut microbiome changes with age or even accelerates aging in adults. Whether the age-related changes in the gut microbiome are more or less prominent than those for other body sites and whether predictions can be made about a person’s age from a microbiome sample remain unknown. We therefore combined several large studies from different countries to determine which body site’s microbiome could...
Research Article | Host-Microbe BiologyImpacts of the Plateau Environment on the Gut Microbiota and Blood Clinical Indexes in Han and Tibetan IndividualsThe data presented in the present study demonstrate that the hypoxic plateau environment has a profound impact on the gut microbiota and blood clinical indexes in Han and Tibetan individuals. The plateau-changed signatures of the gut microbiota and blood clinical indexes were not restored to the nonplateau status in the Han cohorts, even when the individuals returned to the plain from the plateau for several months. Our study will...
Research Article | Host-Microbe BiologyGut Microbiota Dysbiosis Is Associated with Altered Bile Acid Metabolism in Infantile CholestasisLiver health, fecal bile acid (BA) concentrations, and gut microbiota composition are closely connected. BAs and the microbiome influence each other in the gut, where bacteria modify the BA profile, while intestinal BAs regulate the growth of commensal bacteria, maintain the barrier integrity, and modulate the immune system. Previous studies have found that the co-occurrence of gut microbiota dysbiosis and BA metabolism alteration is...
Research Article | Molecular Biology and PhysiologyRapid and Concomitant Gut Microbiota and Endocannabinoidome Response to Diet-Induced Obesity in MiceThe intestinal microbiota and the expanded endocannabinoid system, or endocannabinoidome, have both been implicated in diet-induced obesity and dysmetabolism. This study aims at identifying the potential interactions between these two fundamental systems—which form the gut microbiota-endocannabinoidome axis—and their involvement in the establishment of diet-induced obesity and related metabolic complications. We report here time- and...
Research Article | Clinical Science and EpidemiologyDuration of Persistent Atrial Fibrillation Is Associated with Alterations in Human Gut Microbiota and Metabolic PhenotypesAtrial fibrillation was associated with a disordered gut microbiota in previous research. However, the gut microbiota signature of patients at different stages of atrial fibrillation remains largely unknown. We sought to determine whether the shift in the gut microbiota and metabolic profiles occurs early and remains stable or develops gradually during atrial fibrillation. We found that patients with persistent atrial fibrillation of...
Research Article | Host-Microbe BiologyTiming of Calorie Restriction in Mice Impacts Host Metabolic Phenotype with Correlative Changes in Gut MicrobiotaAberrant feeding patterns whereby people eat more frequently throughout the day and with a bias toward late-night eating are prevalent in society today. However, whether restriction of food to daytime in comparison to nighttime, coupled with restricted calorie intake, can influence gut microbiota, metabolism, and overall health requires further investigation. We surveyed the effects of the shift in feeding time on gut microbiota and...