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bacteriophages

  • Open Access
    Phages versus Antibiotics To Treat Infected Diabetic Wounds in a Mouse Model: a Microbiological and Microbiotic Evaluation
    Research Article | Therapeutics and Prevention
    Phages versus Antibiotics To Treat Infected Diabetic Wounds in a Mouse Model: a Microbiological and Microbiotic Evaluation

    The management of diabetic foot infections is frequently a dead end for surgeons and infectious disease specialists. When the pathogen to be treated is not resistant to conventional antibiotics, the latter tend to unbalance the intestinal microbiota, which is linked to multiple pathologies. A local treatment with bacteriophages, in addition to being as much or even more effective than antibiotics from a clinical and microbiological...

    Jean-François Huon, Emmanuel Montassier, Anne-Gaëlle Leroy, Matthieu Grégoire, Marie-Anne Vibet, Jocelyne Caillon, David Boutoille, Dominique Navas
  • Open Access
    Biofilm Structure Promotes Coexistence of Phage-Resistant and Phage-Susceptible Bacteria
    Research Article | Ecological and Evolutionary Science
    Biofilm Structure Promotes Coexistence of Phage-Resistant and Phage-Susceptible Bacteria

    In the natural environment, bacteria most often live in communities bound to one another by secreted adhesives. These communities, or biofilms, play a central role in biogeochemical cycling, microbiome functioning, wastewater treatment, and disease. Wherever there are bacteria, there are also viruses that attack them, called phages. Interactions between bacteria and phages are likely to occur ubiquitously in biofilms. We show here,...

    Emilia L. Simmons, Matthew C. Bond, Britt Koskella, Knut Drescher, Vanni Bucci, Carey D. Nadell
  • Open Access
    Quantitative Models of Phage-Antibiotic Combination Therapy
    Research Article | Ecological and Evolutionary Science
    Quantitative Models of Phage-Antibiotic Combination Therapy

    This work develops and analyzes a novel model of phage-antibiotic combination therapy, specifically adapted to an in vivo context. The objective is to explore the underlying basis for clinical application of combination therapy utilizing bacteriophage that target antibiotic efflux pumps in Pseudomonas aeruginosa. In doing so, the paper addresses three key...

    Rogelio A. Rodriguez-Gonzalez, Chung Yin Leung, Benjamin K. Chan, Paul E. Turner, Joshua S. Weitz
  • Open Access
    Regime Shifts in a Phage-Bacterium Ecosystem and Strategies for Its Control
    Editor's Pick Research Article | Ecological and Evolutionary Science
    Regime Shifts in a Phage-Bacterium Ecosystem and Strategies for Its Control

    Phage-microbe communities play an important role in human health as well as natural and industrial environments. Here we show that these communities can assume several alternative species compositions separated by abrupt regime shifts. Our model predicts these regime shifts in the competition between bacterial strains protected by two different phage defense mechanisms: abortive infection/CRISPR and partial resistance. The history...

    Sergei Maslov, Kim Sneppen
  • Open Access
    Considering the Other Half of the Gut Microbiome: Bacteriophages
    Special Issue Perspective | Host-Microbe Biology
    Considering the Other Half of the Gut Microbiome: Bacteriophages

    Bacteriophages, viruses specific to bacteria, regulate bacterial communities in all known microbial systems. My research aims to determine how they interact with the trillions of bacteria found in the human gut.

    Corinne F. Maurice
  • Open Access
    Temperate Bacteriophages from Chronic <span class="named-content genus-species" id="named-content-1">Pseudomonas aeruginosa</span> Lung Infections Show Disease-Specific Changes in Host Range and Modulate Antimicrobial Susceptibility
    Research Article | Host-Microbe Biology
    Temperate Bacteriophages from Chronic Pseudomonas aeruginosa Lung Infections Show Disease-Specific Changes in Host Range and Modulate Antimicrobial Susceptibility

    Pseudomonas aeruginosa is a key opportunistic respiratory pathogen in patients with cystic fibrosis and non-cystic fibrosis bronchiectasis. The genomes of these pathogens are enriched with mobile genetic elements including diverse temperate phages. While the temperate phages of the Liverpool epidemic strain have been shown to be active in the human lung and enhance...

    Mohammad A. Tariq, Francesca L. C. Everest, Lauren A. Cowley, Rosanna Wright, Giles S. Holt, Hazel Ingram, Liberty A. M. Duignan, Andrew Nelson, Clare V. Lanyon, Audrey Perry, John D. Perry, Stephen Bourke, Michael A. Brockhurst, Simon H. Bridge, Anthony De Soyza, Darren L. Smith
  • Open Access
    Bacteriophages Synergize with the Gut Microbial Community To Combat <em>Salmonella</em>
    Research Article | Therapeutics and Prevention
    Bacteriophages Synergize with the Gut Microbial Community To Combat Salmonella

    Antibiotic-resistant bacteria are a global threat. Therefore, alternative approaches for combatting bacteria, especially antibiotic-resistant bacteria, are urgently needed. Using a human gut microbiota model, we demonstrate that bacteriophages (phages) are able to substantially decrease pathogenic Salmonella without perturbing the microbiota. Conversely, antibiotic treatment leads to the eradication of close to all commensal...

    Yue O. O. Hu, Luisa W. Hugerth, Carina Bengtsson, Arlisa Alisjahbana, Maike Seifert, Anaga Kamal, Åsa Sjöling, Tore Midtvedt, Elisabeth Norin, Juan Du, Lars Engstrand
  • Open Access
    Combinatorial Approaches to Viral Attenuation
    Research Article | Therapeutics and Prevention
    Combinatorial Approaches to Viral Attenuation

    Live viral vaccines rely on attenuated viruses that can successfully infect their host but have reduced fitness or virulence. Such attenuated viruses were originally developed through trial and error, typically by adaptation of the wild-type virus to novel conditions. That method was haphazard, with no way of controlling the degree of attenuation or the number of attenuating mutations or preventing evolutionary reversion. Synthetic...

    Matthew L. Paff, Benjamin R. Jack, Bartram L. Smith, James J. Bull, Claus O. Wilke
  • Open Access
    A Prospective Metagenomic and Metabolomic Analysis of the Impact of Exercise and/or Whey Protein Supplementation on the Gut Microbiome of Sedentary Adults
    Research Article | Host-Microbe Biology
    A Prospective Metagenomic and Metabolomic Analysis of the Impact of Exercise and/or Whey Protein Supplementation on the Gut Microbiome of Sedentary Adults

    The gut microbiota of humans is a critical component of functional development and subsequent health. It is important to understand the lifestyle and dietary factors that affect the gut microbiome and what impact these factors may have. Animal studies suggest that exercise can directly affect the gut microbiota, and elite athletes demonstrate unique beneficial and diverse gut microbiome characteristics. These characteristics are...

    Owen Cronin, Wiley Barton, Peter Skuse, Nicholas C. Penney, Isabel Garcia-Perez, Eileen F. Murphy, Trevor Woods, Helena Nugent, Aine Fanning, Silvia Melgar, Eanna C. Falvey, Elaine Holmes, Paul D. Cotter, Orla O’Sullivan, Michael G. Molloy, Fergus Shanahan
  • Open Access
    Local Action with Global Impact: Highly Similar Infection Patterns of Human Viruses and Bacteriophages
    Editor's Pick Research Article | Host-Microbe Biology
    Local Action with Global Impact: Highly Similar Infection Patterns of Human Viruses and Bacteriophages

    While host-virus interaction interfaces have been previously investigated, relatively little is known about the indirect interactions of pathogen and host proteins required for viral infection and host cell function. Therefore, we investigated the topological relationships of human and bacterial viruses and how they interact with their hosts. We focused on those host proteins that are directly targeted by viruses, those that are...

    Rachelle Mariano, Sawsan Khuri, Peter Uetz, Stefan Wuchty
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