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Research Article | Host-Microbe Biology

Distinct Gut Microbiota Induced by Different Fat-to-Sugar-Ratio High-Energy Diets Share Similar Pro-obesity Genetic and Metabolite Profiles in Prediabetic Mice

Kai Shan, Hongyan Qu, Keru Zhou, Liangfang Wang, Congmin Zhu, Haiqin Chen, Zhennan Gu, Jing Cui, Guoling Fu, Jiaqi Li, Heyan Chen, Rong Wang, Yumin Qi, Wei Chen, Yong Q. Chen
Jack A. Gilbert, Editor
Kai Shan
Wuxi School of Medicine, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu Province, ChinaSchool of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu Province, China
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Hongyan Qu
Wuxi School of Medicine, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu Province, ChinaSchool of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu Province, China
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Keru Zhou
School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu Province, China
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Liangfang Wang
School of Science, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu Province, China
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Congmin Zhu
MOE Key Laboratory of Bioinformatics and Bioinformatics Division, Center for Synthetic & Systems Biology, TNLIST/Department of Automation, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China
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Haiqin Chen
School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu Province, China
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Zhennan Gu
School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu Province, China
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Jing Cui
Wuxi School of Medicine, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu Province, ChinaSchool of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu Province, China
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Guoling Fu
Wuxi School of Medicine, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu Province, ChinaSchool of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu Province, China
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Jiaqi Li
Wuxi School of Medicine, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu Province, ChinaSchool of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu Province, China
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Heyan Chen
Wuxi School of Medicine, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu Province, ChinaSchool of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu Province, China
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Rong Wang
Wuxi School of Medicine, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu Province, ChinaSchool of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu Province, China
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Yumin Qi
Wuxi School of Medicine, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu Province, ChinaSchool of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu Province, China
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Wei Chen
School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu Province, ChinaBeijing Innovation Centre of Food Nutrition and Human Health, Beijing Technology and Business University, Beijing, China
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Yong Q. Chen
Wuxi School of Medicine, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu Province, ChinaSchool of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu Province, China
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Jack A. Gilbert
University of California San Diego
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DOI: 10.1128/mSystems.00219-19
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ABSTRACT

Gut microbiota play important roles in host metabolism, especially in diabetes. However, why different diets lead to similar diabetic states despite being associated with different microbiota is not clear. Mice were fed two high-energy diets (HED) with the same energy density but different fat-to-sugar ratios to determine the associations between the microbiota and early-stage metabolic syndrome. The two diets resulted in different microbiota but similar diabetic states. Interestingly, the microbial gene profiles were not significantly different, and many common metabolites were identified, including l-aspartic acid, cholestan-3-ol (5β, 3α), and campesterol, which have been associated with lipogenesis and inflammation. Our study suggests that different metabolic-syndrome-inducing diets may result in different microbiota but similar microbiomes and metabolomes. This suggests that the metagenome and metabolome are crucial for the prognosis and pathogenesis of obesity and metabolic syndrome.

IMPORTANCE Various types of diet can lead to type 2 diabetes. The gut microbiota in type 2 diabetic patients are also different. So, two questions arise: whether there are any commonalities between gut microbiota induced by different pro-obese diets and whether these commonalities lead to disease. Here we found that high-energy diets with two different fat-to-sugar ratios can both cause obesity and prediabetes but enrich different gut microbiota. Still, these different gut microbiota have similar genetic and metabolite compositions. The microbial metabolites in common between the diets modulate lipid accumulation and macrophage inflammation in vivo and in vitro. This work suggests that studies that only use 16S rRNA amplicon sequencing to determine how the microbes respond to diet and associate with diabetic state are missing vital information.

  • Copyright © 2019 Shan et al.

This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International license.

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Distinct Gut Microbiota Induced by Different Fat-to-Sugar-Ratio High-Energy Diets Share Similar Pro-obesity Genetic and Metabolite Profiles in Prediabetic Mice
Kai Shan, Hongyan Qu, Keru Zhou, Liangfang Wang, Congmin Zhu, Haiqin Chen, Zhennan Gu, Jing Cui, Guoling Fu, Jiaqi Li, Heyan Chen, Rong Wang, Yumin Qi, Wei Chen, Yong Q. Chen
mSystems Oct 2019, 4 (5) e00219-19; DOI: 10.1128/mSystems.00219-19

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Distinct Gut Microbiota Induced by Different Fat-to-Sugar-Ratio High-Energy Diets Share Similar Pro-obesity Genetic and Metabolite Profiles in Prediabetic Mice
Kai Shan, Hongyan Qu, Keru Zhou, Liangfang Wang, Congmin Zhu, Haiqin Chen, Zhennan Gu, Jing Cui, Guoling Fu, Jiaqi Li, Heyan Chen, Rong Wang, Yumin Qi, Wei Chen, Yong Q. Chen
mSystems Oct 2019, 4 (5) e00219-19; DOI: 10.1128/mSystems.00219-19
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KEYWORDS

high-energy diet
prediabetes
gut microbiota
metagenome
metabolome

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