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Molecular Biology and Physiology

  • Open Access
    The <em>Azospirillum brasilense</em> Core Chemotaxis Proteins CheA1 and CheA4 Link Chemotaxis Signaling with Nitrogen Metabolism
    Research Article | Molecular Biology and Physiology
    The Azospirillum brasilense Core Chemotaxis Proteins CheA1 and CheA4 Link Chemotaxis Signaling with Nitrogen Metabolism

    Bacterial chemotaxis is widespread in bacteria, increasing competitiveness in diverse environments and mediating associations with eukaryotic hosts ranging from commensal to beneficial and pathogenic. In most bacteria, chemotaxis signaling is tightly linked to energy metabolism, with this coupling occurring through the sensory input of several energy-sensing chemoreceptors.

    Elena E. Ganusova, Lam T. Vo, Paul E. Abraham, Lindsey O’Neal Yoder, Robert L. Hettich, Gladys Alexandre
  • Open Access
    Chaperone-Mediated Stress Sensing in <span class="named-content genus-species" id="named-content-1">Mycobacterium tuberculosis</span> Enables Fast Activation and Sustained Response
    Research Article | Molecular Biology and Physiology
    Chaperone-Mediated Stress Sensing in Mycobacterium tuberculosis Enables Fast Activation and Sustained Response

    Gene regulatory networks controlling stress response in mycobacterial species have been linked to persistence switches that enable bacterial dormancy within a host. However, the mechanistic basis of switching and stress sensing is not fully understood.

    Satyajit D. Rao, Pratik Datta, Maria Laura Gennaro, Oleg A. Igoshin
  • Open Access
    Production and Excretion of Polyamines To Tolerate High Ammonia, a Case Study on Soil Ammonia-Oxidizing Archaeon “<em>Candidatus</em> Nitrosocosmicus agrestis”
    Research Article | Molecular Biology and Physiology
    Production and Excretion of Polyamines To Tolerate High Ammonia, a Case Study on Soil Ammonia-Oxidizing Archaeon “Candidatus Nitrosocosmicus agrestis”

    Ammonia tolerance of AOA is usually much lower than that of the AOB, which makes the AOB rather than AOA a predominant ammonia oxidizer in agricultural soils, contributing to global N2O emission. Recently, some AOA species from the genus “Ca. Nitrosocosmicus” were also found to have high ammonia tolerance.

    Liangting Liu, Mengfan Liu, Yiming Jiang, Weitie Lin, Jianfei Luo
  • Open Access
    Sulfur Metabolites Play Key System-Level Roles in Modulating Denitrification
    Research Article | Molecular Biology and Physiology
    Sulfur Metabolites Play Key System-Level Roles in Modulating Denitrification

    Nitrate-reducing bacteria (NRB) and sulfate-reducing bacteria (SRB) colonize diverse anoxic environments, including soil subsurface, groundwater, and wastewater. NRB and SRB compete for resources, and their interplay has major implications on the global cycling of nitrogen and sulfur species, with undesirable outcomes in some contexts.

    Anne E. Otwell, Alex V. Carr, Erica L. W. Majumder, Maryann K. Ruiz, Regina L. Wilpiszeski, Linh T. Hoang, Bill Webb, Serdar Turkarslan, Sean M. Gibbons, Dwayne A. Elias, David A. Stahl, Gary Siuzdak, Nitin S. Baliga
  • Open Access
    Complex Response of the Chlorarachniophyte <span class="named-content genus-species" id="named-content-1">Bigelowiella natans</span> to Iron Availability
    Research Article | Molecular Biology and Physiology
    Complex Response of the Chlorarachniophyte Bigelowiella natans to Iron Availability

    Despite low iron availability in the ocean, marine phytoplankton require considerable amounts of iron for their growth and proliferation. While there is a constantly growing knowledge of iron uptake and its role in the cellular processes of the most abundant marine photosynthetic groups, there are still largely overlooked branches of the eukaryotic tree of life, such as the chlorarachniophytes.

    Eva Kotabova, Ronald Malych, Juan José Pierella Karlusich, Elena Kazamia, Meri Eichner, Jan Mach, Emmanuel Lesuisse, Chris Bowler, Ondřej Prášil, Robert Sutak
  • Open Access
    Harnessing Machine Learning To Unravel Protein Degradation in <span class="named-content genus-species" id="named-content-1">Escherichia coli</span>
    Research Article | Molecular Biology and Physiology
    Harnessing Machine Learning To Unravel Protein Degradation in Escherichia coli

    Bacteria use protein degradation to control proliferation, dispose of misfolded proteins, and adapt to physiological and environmental shifts, but the factors that dictate which proteins are prone to degradation are mostly unknown. In this study, we have used a combined computational-experimental approach to explore protein degradation in E. coli.

    Natan Nagar, Noa Ecker, Gil Loewenthal, Oren Avram, Daniella Ben-Meir, Dvora Biran, Eliora Ron, Tal Pupko
  • Open Access
    Systematic Analysis of the Lysine Crotonylome and Multiple Posttranslational Modification Analysis (Acetylation, Succinylation, and Crotonylation) in <span class="named-content genus-species" id="named-content-1">Candida albicans</span>
    Research Article | Molecular Biology and Physiology
    Systematic Analysis of the Lysine Crotonylome and Multiple Posttranslational Modification Analysis (Acetylation, Succinylation, and Crotonylation) in Candida albicans

    C. albicans is a kind of pathogen of fungal infections that is found worldwide. Lysine crotonylation of proteins as a recently discovered PTM (posttranslational modification) may have a critical role in regulating cells.

    Xiaowei Zhou, Nana Song, Dongmei Li, Xiaofang Li, Weida Liu
  • Open Access
    Twists and Turns in the Salicylate Catabolism of <em>Aspergillus terreus</em>, Revealing New Roles of the 3-Hydroxyanthranilate Pathway
    Research Article | Molecular Biology and Physiology
    Twists and Turns in the Salicylate Catabolism of Aspergillus terreus, Revealing New Roles of the 3-Hydroxyanthranilate Pathway

    Aspergilli are versatile cell factories used in industry for the production of organic acids, enzymes, and pharmaceutical drugs. To date, bio-based production of organic acids relies on food substrates.

    Tiago M. Martins, Celso Martins, Paula Guedes, Cristina Silva Pereira
  • Open Access
    Transcription Inhibitors with XRE DNA-Binding and Cupin Signal-Sensing Domains Drive Metabolic Diversification in <em>Pseudomonas</em>
    Research Article | Molecular Biology and Physiology
    Transcription Inhibitors with XRE DNA-Binding and Cupin Signal-Sensing Domains Drive Metabolic Diversification in Pseudomonas

    Bacteria of the Pseudomonas genus, including the major human pathogen Pseudomonas aeruginosa, are known for their complex regulatory networks and high number of transcription factors, which contribute to their impressive adaptive ability. However, even in the most studied species, most of the regulators are still uncharacterized.

    Julian Trouillon, Michel Ragno, Victor Simon, Ina Attrée, Sylvie Elsen
  • Open Access
    <span class="named-content genus-species" id="named-content-1">Dinoroseobacter shibae</span> Outer Membrane Vesicles Are Enriched for the Chromosome Dimer Resolution Site <em>dif</em>
    Research Article | Molecular Biology and Physiology
    Dinoroseobacter shibae Outer Membrane Vesicles Are Enriched for the Chromosome Dimer Resolution Site dif

    Gram-negative bacteria continually form vesicles from their outer membrane (outer membrane vesicles [OMVs]) during normal growth. OMVs frequently contain DNA, and it is unclear how DNA can be shuffled from the cytoplasm to the OMVs.

    Hui Wang, Nicole Beier, Christian Boedeker, Helena Sztajer, Petra Henke, Meina Neumann-Schaal, Johannes Mansky, Manfred Rohde, Jörg Overmann, Jörn Petersen, Frank Klawonn, Martin Kucklick, Susanne Engelmann, Jürgen Tomasch, Irene Wagner-Döbler

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